![]() President Wilson and the Democrats in Congress insisted on a sharply progressive schedule – taxing those with very high incomes at higher rates than the middle class and exempting the poor. ![]() ![]() Another advantage of taxation was that Congress could set the rate schedule to target those they thought should bear the greatest burden. Their expenditures will fall, freeing productive resources (labor, machines, factories, and raw materials) to be employed in support of the war. Taxes are compulsory, and those who must pay are left with less purchasing power. Taxation would work directly and transparently to reduce consumption. The original idea was to finance the war with an equal division between taxation and borrowing. McAdoo chose a mix of taxation and the sale of war bonds. “Any great war must necessarily be a popular movement,” he thought, “… a kind of crusade.” McAdoo also opposed printing money because it would hide the costs of war rather than keeping the public engaged and committed. The experience with issuing “greenbacks” during the Civil War suggested that fiat money would generate inflation, which he thought would lower morale and damage the reputation of the newly issued paper currency, the Federal Reserve Note. "We must be willing to give up something of personal convenience, something of personal comfort, something of our treasure – all, if necessary, and our lives in the bargain, to support our noble sons who go out to die for us."īut the question remained: how would the shift in output be arranged? How should the war be paid for? There were three possibilities: taxation, borrowing, and printing money.įor McAdoo, printing money was off the table. Shortly after war had been declared, he delivered a speech that he later recorded for posterity: The wartime population would have to sacrifice to pay the bill, and McAdoo understood the point. At the time of the congressional declaration of war, the American economy was operating at full capacity, so the requirements of the war effort could not be met by putting underutilized resources to work. When the United States entered World War I in 1917, it became immediately evident that an unprecedented effort would be required to divert the nation’s industrial capacity away from meeting consumer demand and toward fulfilling the needs of the military. Congress cleared the bill in December 1913. Wilson’s secretary of the Treasury, William Gibbs McAdoo, designed and arranged that compromise, and he emerged from the deal in charge of both the Treasury and the Federal Reserve. 1 The other members were the comptroller of the currency and five members appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. The resulting compromise created a seven-member Federal Reserve Board seated in Washington, DC, with the secretary of Treasury designated ex officio as chair. ![]() President Woodrow Wilson, however, insisted on a public agency with supervisory powers over the banks. Carter Glass, opposed the idea of a central coordinating board. The chair of the House Banking and Currency Committee, Rep. In the congressional debates over the structure of the Federal Reserve, the makeup of the Federal Reserve Board and even its very existence were key issues. The Treasury and the Fed, united under one leader, worked together in both the creation of the financial war plan and its execution. Generally speaking, the secretary of the Treasury proposes a funding plan for war financing and works with Congress to enact the necessary legislation, while the Federal Reserve operates with considerable independence from both the executive and legislative branches of government. These securities were issued by the Treasury, but the Federal Reserve and its member banks conducted the bond sales. The borrowing effort was called the “Liberty Loan” and was made operational through the sale of Liberty Bonds. For this war, the federal government relied on a mix of one-third new taxes and two-thirds borrowing from the general population. Wars are expensive and, like every governmental effort, they have to be financed through some combination of taxation, borrowing, and the expedience of printing money. During the three years it took for the United States to enter the conflict, the Fed had completed its organization and was in a position to play a key role in the war effort. World War I began in Europe in 1914, the same year the Federal Reserve System was established. It is a kind of crusade and like all crusades, it sweeps along on a powerful stream of romanticism." "Any great war must necessarily be a popular movement.
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![]() All tables, chairs, displays or equipment must have rubber or felt feet so as not to damage the floors of the RecPlex facility.You will be provided with one 6’ table with a white tablecloth and two chairs.We cannot accommodate last minute requests for electrical access. ![]() If you requested in advance and paid for access to an electrical hook up please bring a heavy-duty extension cord.Booth spaces have been assigned in advance, to balance the exhibitors to the best of our ability-as such, we will not have an opportunity to move pre-assigned booths. Exhibitor booth space is for the sole use of the business listed on application and can not be shared or transferred to another without written permission from event coordinator. Booth assignment is at the discretion of the event coordinator. Assigned spaces cannot be changed, transferred or sold. Space Assignment: Exhibitors will be notified of their assigned space at sign-in, the morning of the event.Exhibitors will be given their table assignments at the time of check in. Check-in will start at 9:00 AM at the Fairfield Chamber’s table located the lobby of the RecPlex.Snow or Shine (there isn’t a snow date and fees are non-refundable).We reserve the right to limit the number of exhibitors representing similar businesses, but do not guarantee exclusivity to any exhibitor. In the event of severe weather conditions, causing safety concerns, or other unforeseen circumstances out of the Fairfield Chamber of Commerce’s control, that results in the cancellation of this event, as determined by the Fairfield Chamber of Commerce and/or Fairfield University, please note that exhibit vendor fees and sponsorships are non-refundable.Įligibility: Exhibitors applying are asked to submit web address or Facebook page, so that the committee may acquaint themselves with your organization. REGISTER ONLINE NOW with credit card paymentĭeadline for receiving registrations with non-refundable payments: March 07, 2023.Įxhibitor agrees that no refunds will be claimed or made for any reason, including but not limited to, the failure of the exhibitor to appear. $25 Early Bird Discount for PAID registrations received by February 7th.Display your own banner above Expo space: $100.Electrical Hook Up: additional $35 (limited availability-must be reserved in advance).Non-refundable Exhibitor Fee: (Checks Payable to the Fairfield Chamber of Commerce or credit card accepted): Fairfield Health & Fitness Expo – EXHIBITOR INFORMATION While it would be nice to blame technology for everything, recent studies suggest over half of all workday distractions are self-inflicted - meaning we pull ourselves out of focus. Yet, the constant stream of information pouring in via emails, team chats, and social media notifications demands more and more of our attention. If you’ve ever been interrupted when you were in a flow state, you know how difficult regaining focus can be. Don't worry about the outcome - just take it one pomodoro at a time. It keeps you hyper focused on the one next thing you need to do rather than get overwhelmed by the enormity of what you're taking on. That procrastination-busting strategy is exactly what the pomodoro technique asks you to do: break down your big tasks, projects, or goals into something you only have to do for the next 25 minutes. Doing something small for a short period of time is a whole lot easier to face than trying to take on a big project all at once. Still too hard? Try just sitting down to edit a paragraph. For example, instead of sitting down to write novel, sit down to write for 5 minutes. Luckily, studies have also shown an effective way to break out of the avoidance cycle: shrink whatever it is you're putting off down to a tiny, unintimidating first step. So we turn to Twitter or Netflix instead to boost our mood, if only temporarily. It's uncomfortable to stare down a big task or project - one you may not be sure how to even do or one involves a lot of uncertainty. Rather, we put things off avoid negative feelings. Research has shown the procrastination has little to do laziness or lack of self-control. Here's what makes the method uniquely suited to boosting productivity: Making it easy to just get started The arbitrary silliness of using a tomato as a stand-in for units of time belies the Pomodoro Technique's serious effectiveness when it comes to helping people get things done. The Pomodoro technique is all about getting your mind in the zone to finish your tasks. If the system seems simple, that’s because it is. Keep an "Overlearning" project in Todoist with a list of tasks you can quickly choose from the next time you find yourself with pomodoro time to spare. For example, you could spend the extra time reading up on professional journals or researching networking opportunities. Use the rest of your time for overlearning, or improving skills or scope of knowledge. The rule applies even if you do finish your given task before the timer goes off. Cirillo recommends that you track interruptions (internal or external) as they occur and reflect on how to avoid them in your next session. In the event of an unavoidable disruption, take your five-minute break and start again. A digital task manager like Todoist is a great place for these, but pen and paper will do too. Any ideas, tasks, or requests that come up should be taken note of to come back to later. The pomodoro is an indivisible unit of time and can not be broken, especially not to check incoming emails, team chats, or text messages. For example, "write rent check," "set vet appointment," and "read Pomodoro article" could go together in one session. Any tasks that will take less than one Pomodoro should be combined with other simple tasks. Sticking to this rule will help ensure you make clear progress on your projects. If a task requires more than four pomodoros, it needs to be divided into smaller, actionable steps. The 25-minute work sprints are the core of the method, but a Pomodoro practice also includes three rules for getting the most out of each interval:īreak down complex projects. When your session ends, mark off one pomodoro and record what you completed.Īfter four pomodoros, take a longer, more restorative 15-30 minute break. Set your timer for 25 minutes, and focus on a single task until the timer rings. Though Cirillo went on to write a 130-page book about the method, its biggest strength is its simplicity: Encouraged by the challenge, he found a tomato (pomodoro in Italian) shaped kitchen timer, and the Pomodoro technique was born. Feeling overwhelmed, he asked himself to commit to just 10 minutes of focused study time. Cirillo was struggling to focus on his studies and complete assignments. The Pomodoro Technique was developed in the late 1980s by then university student Francesco Cirillo. Take the quiz Explore on your own What is the Pomodoro Technique? Get a personalized recommendation based on your workstyle and goals. ![]() Find out which productivity method fits you best ![]() ![]() Sturdy and powerful bass, a clear midrange, plenty of detail, and a bright top end. We listened to the first track, Get Ur Freak On by Missy Elliot (don't judge), and were immediately impressed. We headed out on the road with a curated playlist on a USB stick to ensure maximum quality gets fed into the amplifier. When we first experienced Acura's ELS Studio system, it was the 3D Premium version and an ear-opener. But not all Burmester systems are equal, and middling versions in some Merc products come across as merely average. You can find up to 31 speakers in a Mercedes Burmester system as well as Dolby Atmos surround sound. Overall, the soundstage is excellent (you feel like you can tell where every musician is in a room), and it shines in the mid-range, which is where even higher-end home audio can struggle. If anything, it becomes too controlled and refined there but suits plenty of other genres. That's great for most music, particularly when it comes to things like punchy kick drum sounds and bass-driven songs, but it starts to show a limitation when playing bass-heavy EDM or hip hop. The effect is substantial, well-controlled bass that doesn't push hard. Instead, it's generated in a bass chamber built into the body at the front. The bass is distinct as, with the EQS, for example, there's no subwoofer as such. Above all, though it's balanced and benefits from the cabin quietness Mercedes takes pride in. The Fender sound is also fun, which might sound like a strange observation, but that's something that can and is often lost in a higher-end audio system.Ĭlear, precise, and hefty is how we initially describe the Mercedes Burmester system. If you like to feel like the artists are in the room, the Fender systems excel. Whether it's classic BB King, Garth Brooks, Johnny Cash, Neil Young, Metallica, or more modern Lucinda Williams, Jack White, or Avenged Sevenfold, the Fender systems bring detail, warmth, texture, and power to the equation. If you're looking for a vehicle from either Nissan or Volkswagen and like blues, country, rock-and-roll, or even metal, that's where the Fender systems truly open up. ![]() It also gives you a clue as to what kind of music is going to sound best through their systems. Fender is better known for its guitars, guitar speakers, and amps than consumer audio systems but don't underestimate that. It would be easy to think Nissan works with Fender to help identify them as American products, and, to a degree, you would be right, which is also why Fender is the system of choice in a number of pickup trucks - an American staple. All of which are incredible accolades for a sound system in a car. Words we use to describe the system include harmonious, spacious, and, above all, detailed. Without any extra color added, the Volvo's Bowers & Wilkins system brings out depth and clarity to music with a 12-channel amplifier and 19 separate speakers woven together by a unique open-air sub-woofer and sound processing software. While it can deal with any genre beautifully, you can hear just how clear and concise the system is when listening to nuanced music like classical and jazz, or lovingly layered mixes of electronically and acoustically generated music like, just for example, Moby or Portishead. When it comes to clarity in car audio systems, the Harman Kardon-developed system using Bowers & Wilkins hardware is an audio upgrade benchmark. We'll talk about the Bowers & Wilkins systems available in Volvo's cars and crossovers first because it's currently the most popular amongst staff at CarBuzz and the people that move press fleet models around. These are the systems that have stood out head and shoulders above the rest in 202. Now, we know audio quality is highly subjective and tastes vary, but the CarBuzz staff spends hours and hours behind the wheel testing out these various systems with massive playlists of varying tastes. Some systems do just that, while some upgrades replace the existing speaker and amp, add a speaker or two, and call it a day. Due to things like lots of reflective glass, road noise, and minimal options for speaker placement, each system has to be tuned specifically for the vehicle to get the best out of the sound generated. That's because a car is far from the ideal place to install a sound system. We say maybe because higher-end audio in cars tends to be voraciously different. Could you, justifiably, allow it to affect your cross-shopping approach to buying a car? If music and audio quality are important to you, maybe. Should you base your car buying decision on the audio system available from the factory? Probably not. ![]() ![]() pure hand to create is a major feature of watches. Billings, Montana > Riversage Billings Inn 80 > Hilltop Inn by Riversage 80 Great Falls, Montana > The Great Falls Inn by Riversage 80 Spokane, Washington > The Madison Inn by. uhren replica emphasizes massive essentials. However long youre staying in Billings, the Extended Stay America has a hotel room for a few nights, a week or longer. 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The Best Newly Opened Hotels in Billings 1 Home2 Suites By Hilton Billings 2 Ledgestone Hotel Billings 3 Holiday Inn Express Hotel & Suites Billings 4. Our restaurant features great dining at affordable prices. Best Western Plus Kelly Inn & Suites provides lodging accommodations near Cabelas, Rim Rock Mall, Billings Metra Park, several Real Estate Companies, Montana. We offer an on-site restaurant, lounge and casino. 879 views, 14 likes, 2 loves, 6 comments, 5 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Northern Hotel, Billings Montana: Who's our Employee of the Month Tune in. The Billings Hotel and Convention Center is a full service, newly renovated facility with 231 rooms and suites and flat screen TVs. ![]() There are a total of 12 songs in Om Namo Venkatesaya. S.Om Namo Venkatesaya is a Telugu album released in 2017.
![]() Kids are brutally honest-and often absolutely hilarious. Preschool Teachers Share Darndest Things Kids Have Said But they definitely become a lot more chill about the small stuff (like wearing lipstick every day) over time. Veteran Teachersĭon’t get us wrong: teachers never stop caring about the important things. The movies want you to believe any sub can become an inspirational success, but students are totally onto their tricks. This SNL skit featuring Lin-Manuel Miranda has become a classic. Language changes over time, and these days it seems to change faster than ever! Can these teachers keep up with the latest teen slang, like “clout demon” and “glow-up”? 11. Pre-K teachers, this one is for you! (Although frankly, most teachers have probably been called “mom” or “dad” once or twice.) 10. ![]() Preschool Teachers Play Never Have I Ever Now we know why “worked at Arby’s” isn’t usually considered teacher training. This video is for anyone who thinks teaching is a job that pretty much anyone can do. “If you don’t do your homework, then you can trust me: I’ll be the teacher starring in your bad dreams!” 8. ![]() Oh, the things that students make their teachers do. Look What You Made Me Do (Teacher Parody) Here’s another roundup of teacher horror stories, from teachers of all ages and grades. As a principal, he really hits it on the head with this “teacher rewards system.”Ħ. Gerry Brooks is another one of those folks who make a lot of funny teacher videos. “How many times do I have to tell you when you’re crying, your homework’s still due?” These teachers love their students, their quirks, and all their questions, even their pointless interjections! 5. If you dream of a world where teachers are the millionaire superstars, this is the video for you! 4. This one features all the “useful” technology you’ll find in today’s classrooms. Hilarious Teacher Technology in the Classroomĭevin Siebold makes some of our favorite funny teacher videos, because he definitely knows what it’s like trying to teach in the 21st century. Be warned: a whole lot of them involve bodily fluids. These funny teacher videos capture what it’s like to teach these days. Teaching can be a tough gig, but almost any day brings at least a laugh or two. ![]() At the publishing time of this guide, there is potential rain on the first day and temperatures in the high 50s the first two days. And then, during the heavier music portion of the week, the festival’s footprint expands into East Austin and onto Red River.ĭress weather-appropriate: March is that fun time in Austin where the weather is all over the place, especially so during SXSW. Find it across the river at the Alamo Drafthouse on South Lamar. The region all really comes alive during the interactive and film segments of the festival. This includes the Austin Convention Center, the Paramount Theatre, many of the area’s hotels, and most of Rainey Street. Other possibilities include Capital Metro buses, commuter rails, festival shuttles, pedicabs, or good old-fashioned walking (wear comfortable shoes.) Electric scooters and dockless bikes are other options, though keep in mind that these services might be banned in certain busy SXSW areas, and also don’t be that dope who leaves the scooter/bike in the middle of the sidewalk/road. Use car services such as Lyft to get between neighborhoods. Traffic will be worse than usual during SXSW and many downtown and Barton Creek neighborhood streets will be closed, anyway. The Best Food-Focused SXSW Panels to Check Out This The 10 Best Food-Related Films at SXSW 2023 Getting Aroundĭon’t bother driving. Masks are encouraged and will be available for free use. The organizers also ask that if an attendee tests positive for COVID, exhibits symptoms, or has been around someone with COVID that they do not come. Regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, the festival’s previous vaccination/boosters/testing/masking requirements are now recommendations. This year, however, virtual access doesn’t include films and television screenings or music concerts, but there is some access to red-carpet interviews. The SXSW Online Pass includes access to almost all of the festival’s sessions, speakers, and keynote, all of which will be available through the online schedule, official app, and television apps, with live and on-demand availabilities. This year’s SX is a hybrid event with both in-person and virtual events. There’s also a strict bag policy for those two venues: only clear bags. Those attending film screenings at the Paramount (where Eva Longeria’s biopic film about the supposed creator of the Flamin’ Hot Cheetos will premiere) and State theatres won’t be allowed to bring in food or drink. This translates to an even larger crowd potential. Rick Kern/Getty Images for for Disney/National GeographicĪnother important factor to note: As with other years, SXSW’s music portion overlaps with the University of Texas at Austin’s spring break and Saint Patrick’s Day (which means hoards of people clad in green in search of possibly green beer). ![]() José Andrés pre-recorded a message for the premiere of We Feed People at SXSW 2022. Bookings are available the day before said events at 9 a.m. If there are specific official SXSW panels and movies you want to attend, it’s worth downloading the festival app and requesting express passes for desired events through SXXpress Pass. Considering all of this, have a backup plan, or two, three, or four in mind. Capacity numbers for venues are typically strict, and will probably still be stricter this year, and it’s safe to expect a lot of attendees this year. While, yeah, most SXSW-affiliated events mean badges or wristbands are required or prioritized, there are still many events that are also open to the public.Įvents and parties tend to fill up fast, so you might not get into your first-, second-, or even third-choice programs. You don’t necessarily need to have an official badge or wristband to partake in many of the hundreds upon hundreds of panels, parties, dinners, concerts, and so on during SXSW you just have to be willing to wait in lines. ![]() ![]() Whether you’re a veteran attendee, a local who participates in the mayhem, or someone who happens to be visiting Austin for the first time (though trust us, the city is very, very, very different during these ten days), SXSW is a huge undertaking.Įater Austin is here to help with very crucial tips and advice to help master the sprawling festival from Friday, March 10 through Sunday, March 19, covering interactive, film, and music segments with plenty of food and drinks. South by Southwest (SXSW) is back this month - after one cancellation, one virtual iteration, and its first in-person/virtual hybrid this decade (which is now the norm). ![]() It can be fixed by increasing or decreasing the letter-spacing value. However, the problem with headlines is that at larger scales the space between letters looks unbalanced. If you are using well designed fonts, you can be sure that they are calibrated well, and you won’t need to make any major adjustments to them. This applies to both large and small font sizes. So in order to achieve better readability, space needs to be increased. When capital letters are next to each other, the space between them is too tight. What I mean by that is simply don’t make the distance between letters too big or too small even if you think it looks good, people will struggle reading it, and that will ruin their experience.Ĭapital letters are designed with the intention that they will appear at the beginning of a sentence or proper noun, in combination with lowercase letters. Regarding letter-spacing, if you are just getting into typography, the best thing you can do is not overuse it. The legibility and readability of your text depend on things like line-height, paragraph length, font size, typeface choice, letter-spacing, and much more. How Letter-Spacing Affects Legibility and Readability It means you don’t have to apply it to all your text, but in order to have an understanding when it’s necessary, you should know some basic principles, and use good typefaces. The fun part is that they won’t even notice it - that’s the whole point of the job.īear in mind that typographers think about letter-spacing and kerning when designing a typeface. By adjusting letter-spacing to the environment you are working with you will help readers consume your information faster, and more efficiently. Words act differently depending on their size, color, and the background they are on. The main purpose of letter-spacing is to improve the legibility and readability of the text. I believe that practice and a lot of observation will change the way you treat letter-spacing in your work as well. Kerning is best left to type designers, besides which, unlike letter-spacing there is currently no way to control kerning in CSS. Some people confuse it with kerning, but these two are different letter-spacing affects the whole line of text, whereas kerning adjusts the space between two individual letters at the time. Letter-spacing is about adding and removing space between letters. There are many aspects to typography, but one of the things that helped improve the quality of my design was letter-spacing. Most of the information we consume happens through reading, so it makes a lot of sense to pay attention to the words when designing. ![]() Espionage is already a criminal offence, but the relevant law is contained in the OSA 1911 and is therefore over 100 years old.The government is updating and modernising the existing espionage provisions to ensure that law enforcement partners, our intelligence agencies and the courts have a set of offences with enhanced utility to keep the UK safe, and improve our ability to detect, prevent and respond to state threats.The UK, therefore, must be able to continue to counter acts of espionage to keep the country safe. New technologies have created new opportunities and vectors through which the UK can be attacked, lowering the cost and risk to states to conduct espionage and enabling the activity to take place abroad.UK assets and information with a commercial, economic or industrial value are a target for state actors, and we must make it as difficult as possible for states to attack the UK. The modern espionage threat endangers the safety and security of the UK and its citizens and, at its worst, can cause loss of life or serious damage to our economic wellbeing.Although the nature of the espionage threat has evolved over the last century, the risks posed by espionage remain. The existing espionage provisions within the OSAs 1911, 19 criminalise activity conducted by an individual intending to collect or disclose information with a purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of the State also known as “spying”.In 2015, the Cabinet Office commissioned the Law Commission to undertake a review of the Official Secrets Acts ( OSAs) as part of a broader review of the Protection of Official Data and identified key areas for reform in the OSAs 1911, 19, including in relation to espionage by information gathering/disclosure – the Law Commission recommended that “a new statute, containing modern language and updated provisions, should replace the Official Secrets Acts 1911, 19”.Reforming the existing offence increases our ability to tackle the modern espionage threat, make the UK a harder operating environment for state threats actors and, in turn, better protect national security.An offence of assisting a foreign intelligence service will reduce the ability of such agencies to carry out a range of hostile activities against the UK, extending beyond espionage activity. ![]() Creating separate offences captures the harmful activity in a way that is designed for a modern world, without inadvertently criminalising a wider range of activity.The Bill repeals the Official Secrets Acts 1911, 19, which contain the existing provisions. Espionage is now addressed by 3 offences in the Bill: obtaining or disclosing protected information obtaining or disclosing trade secrets and assisting a foreign intelligence service.Technological developments have changed the nature of espionage and modernised the targets and vectors through which espionage can be conducted.The Official Secrets Act 1911 criminalises espionage by prohibiting certain conduct that is carried out with a purpose prejudicial to the safety of interests of the UK, including obtaining or disclosing information which would be ‘useful to an enemy’.“Even as the Biden administration claims it is fighting hate crimes against Asian Americans, its own Justice Department is continuing the Trump administration’s discredited and discriminatory ‘China Initiative’-a racial profiling and prosecution initiative that presumes, falsely, that Chinese American researchers are willing accomplices in espionage efforts,” Patrick Eddington, senior fellow at the Cato Institute, said of the initiative in an email.Ĭommittee of 100 President Zheng Yu Huang said the FBI should consider involving more Chinese Americans throughout its operation, so it can better understand the inner workings of Chinese special agents and other cultural nuances. The roundtable included hydrologist Sherry Chen and physics professor Xiaoxing Xi, who were both falsely accused of espionage in 20, respectively. Whereas most investigations start with a crime and then find a suspect, this initiative starts with a suspect and then searches for a crime,” Chu said at a “Researching While Chinese American” roundtable in June. “The China Initiative is unique among Department of Justice investigations. Chu and Raskin launched an investigation in 2020 into the FBI’s Chinese espionage probes and demanded the agency hand over documents related to its investigations. |
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